组装电脑基础教程,手把手教你DIY一台电脑[89P]
首先来认识一下配件,我选的是英X尔的CPU,另外一个品牌“A某D”的组装方法和步骤几乎一样.请看图:
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/226849466caf409050cf9e8bc04d87a183f40679.jpg
安装CPU.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/226849459f94ddcfb96eb6e30e7d9ed9bf45f888.jpg
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/22684947724e0a3569b68331cfdb12d8d8bba356.jpg
安装CPU风扇.稍微用力将风扇4个脚按下,再顺时针拧紧.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/226849817094317e4139a7990407e8cb75b486fe.jpg
连接CPU风扇供电线,在主板上的接口是”CPU_FAN”.
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/2268498049fe70866f7aaeb7488b8fb3d78d46a2.jpg
安装内存条.
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/226849798d42dce4b609de5bbcade07839348f6d.jpg
打开机箱双侧挡板.
http://img8.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/2268497841adfd57d5ff3b8cf5a5d9c3bbaf1c4b.jpg
把电源安装到机箱上,就是拧4颗螺丝的事.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22684/22684982015cd9f85a423b6e5c8858233586f48a.jpg
把主板外设接口的挡板安装到机箱上.
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685003bb98dfd675319d0f5dc1f39cfac483e4.jpg
把主板安装到机箱上,6颗螺丝.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685002093506a5372ebef0b3d155f4249ab9fc.jpg
接下来,先认识一下电源上的各种接口,方便后面接线.
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685004f71888d5a03cd6f1476328c6a11dec47.jpg
旧式IDE硬盘,光驱以及外接机箱风扇供电接口特写.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226850128e4797daa67fee88e4dfa8154a191eb4.jpg
主板供电接口特写.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268501196f53aceee9c5e9dfa7f6f5d46c1615c.jpg
SATA(串口)硬盘,光驱供电接口特写.
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226850137494ed99ea9c236b46f7fba9aca6e6df.jpg
以上提到的3种接口都是标准接口,下面介绍一下2种不太标准的接口,先说CPU供电接口.不管是电源上还是主板上都有4针和8针之分.
电源上的CPU供电接口(如下图)特写,8针型,也可拆分为4针用.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685015d649f92d1b1effc1ae2ca3c78e9981e6.jpg
下面再分情况讨论:
1)当主板的CPU供电接口也为8针时(如下图),两者就刚好无缝接连了.
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685014deba7798bb86b61dea946786b9173b3a.jpg
2)当主板的CPU供电接口为4针时,上面的电源8针供电型可拆分为两个4针,且只有其中一个4针接口能与主板连接上.
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226850168051063cad744cd51286b6df8ee50266.jpg
3)当电源的CPU供电接口为4针,主板的CPU供电接口也为4针时, 两者也刚好无缝接连了.
4)当电源的CPU供电接口为4针,而主板的CPU供电接口为8针时,此种情况如果是用在高端CPU(如I7 6700K)上,特别是超频的情况下,一定要更换高功率电源,因为这样的CPU得不到充足的供电会很不稳定,就算勉强能运行起来性能也得不到充分发挥;
如果用在中低端CPU上并且没有加高端的高功耗显卡,基本无大碍,如下图:
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685082270d8a794b13190212219fe82ceac140.jpg
再说另一种不标准的供电接口----显卡供电接口,
显卡供电接口从高到低一般分为:8针+8针(如下图,可拆分为两个2+6针);8针+6针;单个8针;单个6针.和无供电接口五种.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226850811f6faabe94bdb7a9749458f41eca6c33.jpg
电源上供电接口与显卡的连接又比与主板的连接严格一点.规则是:必须以显卡上的接口为基准进行连接.说白一点就是显卡上是什么接口,你电源上就给我来什么接口.只有在显卡上无供电接口的情况下,
对电源要求才不那么严格,如下图(8针+8针供电的显卡我没有实物,省略了):
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268508381355e405720905ad017b3e3ed011004.jpg
说完上面这两个接口,下面继续接线吧.
连接主板供电.
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685123793a7c3764a5ec46fefa2eae8dc0c7f7.jpg
连接CPU供电.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226851228233b58ae20fd0fc1a7b3837077841d2.jpg
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685124ce3bc31b5d19fd4580faab0858070138.jpg
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226851752cda608d3d5e9d35eb33f13401c82ba0.jpg
机箱的前置音频和USB2.0接口都封闭了一个孔位,但位置不同(如下图).
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268517409ddaa7e9e09b21fcaa4c420060c991d.jpg
相应的主板上的前置音频和USB2.0接口(其实是针,如下图).
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226851767ad984864db18d117ebdbb6bc189cd0f.jpg
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685313fb1d72c237e6f11a77e3c6670b14741d.jpg
接下来说机箱前置面板上的电源按钮,重启按钮和指示灯的接线(如下图).
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268531217228087674ae601b88a26658690fff1.jpg
相应地在主板上的接口(针)的分布,有两种比较常见:
1) 此种又最为常见(如下图).
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685916c00eba8b8b816f90b1617c874b91696b.jpg
2) 第二种分布:
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685332b1219ed14837794c74202f1076231d44.jpg
下面安装硬盘,我选的是固态硬盘,现在流行嘛,拧螺丝的事.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685331ddd23a35c5321ac3153918f0abe81310.jpg
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685333a50aa7ab6da1aedda74e31fe66fec7a2.jpg
安装光驱
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853369c6716f6e5e2a31763386808b4734a5e.jpg
看下硬盘上的两个接口以及供电线连接.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685335927c817ad7fdfcca7ce266914946640b.jpg
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685337625c7f05c91195d27bc4138a89a9d06c.jpg
看下光驱上的两个接口以及供电线连接.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685342906ded15b58cde4afb3106a7c6864c75.jpg
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685341fad38b01ef85541ea70c4ca8657b19e6.jpg
把显卡安装到主板上及上螺丝加固.
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268534390f39421b7b5584ca084e373900e77a5.jpg
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853452e620f655dc82a290d272392d51a5762.jpg
将硬盘和光驱分别用SATA数据线和主板连接.
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685344437057d2cf19fdffb09edd5844d82dea.jpg
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853463027ac9d47e6819d7e2ddd20031abe07.jpg
我选的显卡没有供电接口,所以请看图.
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685360b6630da0127dcd1bb87996143d1604ac.jpg
至此,硬件部分全部连接完成,看一下.
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853595de86918fbfe0a6d5dbbf2afd80e096b.jpg
来张侧面照.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685361f7ce3cd67234b2fcadd38aefd0831249.jpg
下面介绍安装软件的方法步骤,包括系统和驱动程序的安装,常用的有两种方法:
1) 光盘安装;
2) U盘启动盘手动ghost安装.
如果你不是从事电脑维护工作，平时很少安装系统，那么我建议你去买一个封装了PE系统和系统镜像文件光盘，再看一遍我下面的教程，就足以应付一般性家庭电脑软件维护工作了.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685385700c945786c59b1cfb3e52517ea0a1a2.jpg
先说光盘安装法:开机,将光盘放进光驱里.
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853846014292032270c1f4bc5cd43bb9c3ffc.jpg
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685386739e7442576b24811657520909054c87.jpg
重启一次电脑(两种方法:1,按下热键Ctrl+Alt+Del;2,直接按下重启按钮)，在显示屏刚有显示信息的时候，间断地，有节奏地按F8 键.为什么是F8?F8是此品牌主板调出启动项的热键.不同品牌的主板,此
热键有所不同.举个粟子,某硕的主板是F8,某嘉的是F12,某达的是F11等.至于其他品牌,有兴趣的榴友可以自己去查一下.下面看图.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685371547c75dd94e4fc450f06bf65bfcba181.jpg
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685370b64cbd90d6dd3a0d5b02bfac72b9d690.jpg
来到此页面,就用键盘上的方向箭头（↑）将光标移动到 启动Win迷你PE 选项,然后回车,或者直接按数字2(仅限于本教程的光盘,其他光盘的这个选项有可能不是排在第2位)如下图.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685372f1653c48fa0fc304f8c32c8327175cc8.jpg
下图按需选择，我选择Win8 PE.
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226853960bc8d84f2049dd9a0af05193ddc9b0c8.jpg
进入系统桌面，各版本的PE系统桌面不同，但几个关键的桌面围标是一样的，比如硬盘分区工具和手动ghost的图标.如下图,我们首先要进行硬盘分区.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685395d77ae35d9ba99de4bb3d4d28d406bfdd.jpg
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268539778ac738c1522f6d6580abdbbcacdf904.jpg
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226854042ec6361c30e96a2b4dc229c16e72a541.jpg
分好区后,界面如下,然后退出此窗口.
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268540345de8b8b5487a5763a0d8de007cba3b1.jpg
回到桌面,准备安装系统.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268540532ff8a0113613cfa221627a3ec94e705.jpg
用此光盘又有两种安装方法,如下图.
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685416f718e6e5c18394e19558dafff14239c3.jpg
先说第一种,傻瓜式.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226854156f8ecbec48a4b818b4d2e57463112fb2.jpg
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226854173d8d17538e14bbe71fd2281365a51f47.jpg
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268542019ebb103618e3a15a5faa01a45356db1.jpg
拷贝完系统文件后电脑会自动重启.
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685419eb401ec5ca7106633fa9faa44f4f42de.jpg
部署系统.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268542134e875300ebe02ee2ba82c8dc953417b.jpg
顺利安装完成,OK!
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268560964cf4ade59035a89e384ab80b07a020d.jpg
接着说第二种方法,手动ghost安装法.
http://img4.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685614b580ea2025ff682c5e68a8fe25ffebb1.jpg
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268561389d6ef00bbe21621e379d1762c649d32.jpg
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685612c812ae7aeffb29d14bb755698a58bf20.jpg
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268561108fd3bcbb8179a026d818aead57ac4ac.jpg
http://img8.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685628b4a1c7529da59476d2eb9064bc7ad873.jpg
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226856279d9101603cf2bd7008784193d70561d7.jpg
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685626911e46280b300d4a1fed8639bcfa69bc.jpg
然后就如下图,走完进度条.接着自动重启,部署系统.就跟前面的一样了,我不再赘述.
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685625149b6a105bdfd70a5a447f500bb3b162.jpg
说完了用光盘安装系统的方法后,下面接着说用U盘启动盘装系统的方法步骤,非常方便,有兴趣的朋友,可以买一个U盘,然后自己做一个微型PE系统到U盘里,把自己喜欢的系统镜像也下载到U盘里（网上有
教程），如下图
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685659fb4d9443abb814706adcdf3f2fc6a309.jpg
F8启动项选择U盘启动.
http://img8.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685658acc6a4c81dc5d496f770bd594632c992.jpg
进入到PE系统的桌面.
http://img7.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226856579e2c2527a276f71fcc363f7b99b9b69e.jpg
开始安装系统吧
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685656eab7871ad12e116e7aead76ad900e7a6.jpg
再坐下抽根烟吧
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226856703b470c94d4d57b4c62c9c63395d12ab3.jpg
http://img9.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685669d32e0955f12a39e26b90120dd50358aa.jpg
部署系统.
http://img8.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226856681713c2f4e83fd8139d60d4c433c0aa11.jpg
自动调用了万能驱动.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268580232ccdf2f9b0e8d831da1d02b5d371b02.jpeg
一切顺利,安装完成后是这样的,不需要自己手动打驱动.OK,又装好了!
http://img3.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685803cb14141a8585be1cfdfe7e726760cd52.jpeg
回答一下上面留下来的悬念,如果一切不顺利会怎么样呢?
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685731a5cad4bc3606679af59bb45710b04d68.jpg
为什么会这样呢?有可能的原因是:
1) 系统镜像文件和驱动没有及时更新,跟不上硬件更新换代的速度;
2) 系统镜像是纯净版;
解决方案呢?分两种情况,有网络和无网络.
先说无网络(没有安装宽带或网卡驱动打不上)
1) 用主板自带的光盘安装驱动,如下图.
http://img2.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226857325e2722a2147b8e093011a1d1921a5a95.jpg
2) 带上U盘去找一台能上网的电脑,下载万能驱动拿回来,用万能驱动安装.注意:万能驱动的版本要与电脑系统版本相对应.
http://img0.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685750526fe2446d02fd167ef5b0d9fb4e9abe.jpg
再说有网络的情况,接上网线,下载一个驱动X灵或驱动X生,安装好这个软件后让它它帮你安装,不用我多说了.
下面, 完全安装OK后来张正面照.
http://img1.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685801c82a6c2124910d7bb12ccd49d307fbfe.jpeg
主机
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/22685756e75766be8ebf9922af2f6ab1a7e2148e.jpg
盖上机箱侧面挡板,如果里面安装两个带灯风扇----那叫炫酷!正侧面来两张全家福.
http://img6.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268576643fab6fa058579d5cac40936386b9bbe.jpg
http://img5.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/2268576518112b7b3cd75a40174b650e4d37f87b.jpg
接上网线撸一发吧,看到了熟悉的页面.
http://img8.uploadhouse.com/fileuploads/22685/226857688f9b0cc54a234a593ef2759a5b55468a.jpg
新手处女贴,若格式和内容上有不当之处,还请版主和各位聚聚多多指教!谢谢!
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